Thaum nws los txog rau lub tshuab nqus tsev, ntau tus neeg instinctively koom nrog nws "tsis muaj dab tsi kiag li." Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev tshawb fawb, lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev yog lub xeev tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov chaw uas qhov ceev ntawm cov roj molecules qis dua li ntawm cov qauv atmospheric siab. Xyoo 1654, qhov kev sim Magdeburg Hemispheres classic intuitively qhia nws "lub zog" - thaum huab cua nyob rau hauv ob lub hemispheres tooj liab raug tshem tawm, lawv tuav ua ke nruj nreem, thiab nws tau siv zog ua ke ntawm ob pab neeg ntawm cov nees muaj zog los rub lawv sib nrug nrog kev nyuaj heev. Los ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev rwb thaiv tsev nyob rau hauv txhua txhua hnub lub raj mis thermos mus rau qhov chaw kaw ntawm lub dav hlau nyob rau hauv aerospace teb, qhov no tej yam yees siv "tsis zoo siab qhov chaw" tau ntsiag to permeated txhua yam ntawm lub neej thiab technology.
Cov kev siv ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev vacuum yog dav dav dua li qhov yuav xav txog. Hauv kev ntim khoom noj, lub tshuab nqus tsev yog siv los cais cov pa oxygen thiab ua kom lub neej ntev. Hauv cov khoom siv kho mob, cov tshuab magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) cov tshuab cia siab rau lub tshuab nqus tsev los tiv thaiv cov hlau nplaum superconducting. Thiab nyob rau hauv semiconductor nti manufacturing, ultra- lub tshuab nqus tsev ib puag ncig yog qhov tsis tseem ceeb- tiv thaiv cov roj molecules los ntawm kev cuam tshuam nrog lithography precision, thiab ua kom muaj kev ua tiav ntawm cov txheej txheem hauv qab 5 nanometers.Vacuum txheej ntawm cov cell photovoltaic thiab simulation ntawm qhov chaw ib puag ncig hauv aerospace.
Lub tshuab nqus tsev twj tso kua mis yog lub "core engine" tsim lub tshuab nqus tsev ib puag ncig, ua raws li qhov tseeb thiab zoo "gas transporters." Cov twj siv tshuab ua haujlwm los ntawm compressing lub chamber ntim rau "squeeze" tawm cov roj, haum rau cov ntaub ntawv nqus tsev vacuum xws li ntim khoom noj. Molecular twj, ntawm qhov tod tes, siv siab - nrawm tig cov hniav kom "sib tsoo" nrog cov roj molecules, coj lawv kom raug tshem tawm hauv ib qho kev taw qhia tshwj xeeb, zoo sib xws nrog lub tshuab nqus tsev siab ntawm kev tsim khoom semiconductor. Hauv qhov xwm txheej ultra- lub tshuab nqus tsev siab, cryopumps ncaj qha khov cov roj molecules mus rau cov phaj txias ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, yooj yim ua tiav ultra- lub tshuab nqus tsev siab nyob ze rau xoom xoom.
Niaj hnub no, kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb cov khoom siv nqus tsev vacuum tau nthuav dav tsis tu ncua, thiab cov tuam txhab suav hauv Suav tau ua kom nrawm nrawm ntawm cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb, maj mam rhuav tshem cov kev lag luam txawv teb chaws. Los ntawm kev ua cov khoom tsim nyog txhua hnub rau cov neeg zoo tib yam mus rau qib siab -kawg tsim cov kab ntau lawm, lub tshuab nqus tsev tau dhau los ua "qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub hauv paus tsis pom" rau kev txhim kho kev lag luam. Los ntawm kev nkag siab tob txog qhov "tsis pom lub zog," peb tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog txiav txim siab txog kev yug me nyuam ntawm ntau yam kev txiav- cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis tab sis kuj txaus siab rau lub hauv paus ruaj khov uas nws tau tso rau siab - kev tsim khoom kawg.
